49 Survey of Indoor Air Chemicals (Plasticizers, Pesticides and Bisphenol A): July 2001 - March 2002
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| Ikue SAITO, Aya ONUKI, Hiroshi SETO, Shin-ichi UEHARA and Itsu KANO |
| The concentrations of 23 semi-volatile organic compounds were measured in indoor and outdoor air. Samples were collected from houses, buildings and outdoor points in Tokyo between July 2001 and March 2002. The compounds detected in indoor air were 11 plasticizers, 2 organophosphorus pesticides, permethrin, chlordanes, fenobucarb, bisphenol A and benzo(a)pyrene. The plasticizers predominantly detected in indoor air were di-n-butyl phthalate and di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate, which reached levels as high as 4.3 µg/m3 and 1.4 µg/m3, respectively. Trans-chlordane was detected, with a highest concentration of 9.6 ng/m3, in indoor air. Bisphenol A was detected at high frequencies in indoor air samples, and the maximum level in indoor air was 8.1 ng/m3. Benzo(a)pyrene was detected in almost all air samples, and the highest concentration in indoor air was 3.1 ng/m3. Except for benzo(a)pyrene , the median concentrations of detected chemicals were higher in indoor than in outdoor air, and higher in summer than in winter. However, the median concentration of benzo(a)pyrene was higher in outdoor than in indoor air, and higher in winter than in summer. The levels of di-n-butyl phthalate, di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate, chlorpyrifos, diazinon and fenobucarb in every structure studied did not exceed the guidelines set by the Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare of Japan. |
| indoor air, outdoor air, phthalate esters, bisphenol A, benzo(a)pyrene, organochlorine pesticide, permethrin, plasticizer, semi-volatile organic compound, endocrine disrupter |
| Ann.Rep.Tokyo Metr.Inst.P.H., 54,253-261,2003 |
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| 50 Survey of Indoor Air Chemicals (Formaldehyde and Volatile Organic Compounds) July 2001 - Mar. 2002
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| Aya ONUKI, Ikue SAITO, Hiroshi SETO, Shin-ichi UEHARA and Itsu KANO |
| formaldehyde, volatile organic compounds, p-dichlorobenzene, indoor air, outdoor air |
| Ann.Rep.Tokyo Metr.Inst.P.H., 54,262-268,2003 |
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| 51 Determination of Phthalic Acid Esters, Organophosphate Esters and Organophosphorous Pesticides in Indoor Air Using Thermal Desorption GC/MS System
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| Yutaka OKAMOTO, Atsuko KAWAMOTO,Takanari ARIGA,Hiroko OSHIDA and Kazuo YASUDA |
| thermal desorption, DBP, DOP, TBP, TCP, Diazinon, Chlorpyrifos, indoor air, determination, GC/MS |
| Ann.Rep.Tokyo Metr.Inst.P.H., 54,269-274,2003 |
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| 52 Concentrations and Characterization of Chemical Components in Groundwater for the Water Supply Sources in Izu-Oshima Island
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| Hiroshi TOCHIMOTO, Noboru SEKIYAMA, Hiroshi SETO and Toshio MAKI |
| Water analyses (39 items) of groundwater drawn from 17 wells for water supply sources in Izu-Oshima Island, were carried out in May and Nov. 2002. The object of this study was to explore the background levels of the groundwater quality while the volcano is inactive. Great different values were observed among the sampling sites for the most items.
The hexa-diagrams of the chemical components, influenced by the volcano and/or the sea water, showed 4 types, the NaCl, Ca(HCO3)2, CaCl2 and MgCl2 types.
The items were classified into two groups by correlation analysis. Group 1 included temperature, arsenic, boron, bicarbonate ion, dissolved silicon bioxide, and potassium, which were influenced by the volcano, and Group 2 included chloride ion, sodium, total residue, and electric conductivity, which were influenced by the sea water.
The measured items exceeding the water quality criteria were arsenic (2 sites), boron (1 site), chloride ion (9 sites), hardness (10 sites), and total residue (10 sites). |
| groundwater, chemical component, water supply source, arsenic, boron, Izu-Oshima, volcano |
| Ann.Rep.Tokyo Metr.Inst.P.H., 54,275-282,2003 |
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| 53 Survey of Trihalomethane in Water and Air of Indoor Swimming Pool
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| Takanari ARIGA, Atsuko KAWAMOTO, Yutaka OKAMOTO, Hiroko OSHIDA and Kazuo YASUDA |
| trihalomethane, chloroform, volatile organic compound, indoor swimming pool, pool water, indoor air |
| Ann.Rep.Tokyo Metr.Inst.P.H., 54,283-289,2003 |
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| 54 Surveys of Protozoan Parasites and Fecal Indicator Bacteria in Raw and Finished Water (Apr. 2002 - Mar. 2003)
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| Mitsugu HOSAKA, Chieko KATSUTA, Takaichi ENOKIDA and Hiroshi SETO |
| Cryptosporidium, Giardia, protozoa, drinking water, raw water, surface water, Tama River, indicator bacteria of fecal pollution |
| Ann.Rep.Tokyo Metr.Inst.P.H., 54,290-295,2003 |
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| 55 Distribution of Legionella Species in Urban Water Environments with Reference to Their Coexisting Organisms (Apr. 2002 - Mar. 2003)
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| Chieko KATSUTA, Mitsugu HOSAKA, Takaichi ENOKIDA and Hiroshi SETO |
| urban water environments, Legionella species, cooling tower, hot-water supply system, hot spring, amoebae |
| Ann.Rep.Tokyo Metr.Inst.P.H., 54,296-300,2003 |
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| 56 Legionella Species Found in Domestic Water
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| Takaichi ENOKIDA , Mitsugu HOSAKA , Chieko KATSUTA and Hiroshi SETO |
| domestic water, Legionella species, Legionella bozemanii, Legionella gormanii |
| Ann.Rep.Tokyo Metr.Inst.P.H., 54,301-302,2003 |
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| 57 Bacteriological Investigation into The Home for The Aged in Tama Area, Tokyo (2002）
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| Kumiko KUSUNOKI, Mie IWAYA, Takeshi ISHIKAMI, Miyoko ENDOU, Kaoru HATAKEYAMA, Rumi OKUNO, Jun MUKAIGAWA, Kazumi SEKINE, Yasuko EMOTO, Kenji KASAKURA, Katsuhiro YOKOYAMA, Kumiko YAMAGISHI and Kazuyoshi YANO |
| home for the aged, cooling tower water, bath water, environment of equipment, Legionella species, acid-fast bacterium, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Serratia marcescens, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) |
| Ann.Rep.Tokyo Metr.Inst.P.H., 54,303-308,2003 |
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| 58 Survey of Airborne Bacteria in the 2 General Hospital
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| Fumio KANOU |
| We investigated the dynamic state of microorganisms inside medical facilities at two general hospitals. The sampling was done in March and July 2002 and January 2003 at Hospital A and in March 2002 at Hospital B, measuring suspended particulate matter, airborne bacteria and population of persons. It was found that most airborne bacteria in waiting rooms were associated with the population of persons, and that there was a high correlation between the quantity of airborne bacteria and that of suspended particulate matter (particle diameter: 5 microns and greater) in the waiting rooms. |
| replica method, airborne bacteria, surface colonized bacteria, waiting room, general hospital, suspended particulate matter |
| Ann.Rep.Tokyo Metr.Inst.P.H., 54,309-314,2003 |
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| 59 Toxic Elements of Fine Particles PM2.5 in Ambient Air at Six Sites in Tokyo, Japan
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| Masayuki KURITA, Norio OHASHI and Shin-ichi UEHARA |
| Fine particle samples with an aerodynamic diameter of less than 2.5 µm (PM2.5) were collected over 72-h periods on the third Monday of each month between January 2001 and April 2002. A concentration of 12 elements, Al through Ba, was determined from all PM2.5 samples by ICP-AES or ICP-MS. Our study compared the spatial variations in the mass and the toxic elements of ambient air PM2.5 at six sites: Ohshima, Ome, Kodaira, Machida, Ota, and Adachi, covering areas of rural-background to urban-industrial, in Tokyo. The PM2.5 concentrations ranged from 8.7 µg/m3 at Ohshima to 52.8 µg/m3 at Adachi. Although the elemental concentrations detected did not exceed the levels that cause acute or chronic health effects, Zn, Cd, and Pb concentrations showed an increasing gradient from Ohshima to Adachi. In correlations between the toxic elements, strong associations (r > 0.85) were found among Zn, Cd, and Pb, which are known to be emitted by refuse incinerators. These results suggest that PM2.5 originating from refuse incinerators has to be recognized as a contributing factor to the urban air pollution problem in Tokyo. |
| particulate matter, aerodynamic diameter, fine particle (PM2.5), toxic elements, ambient air |
| Ann.Rep.Tokyo Metr.Inst.P.H., 54,315-318,2003 |
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| 60 Monitoring of Heavy Metals in Well Waters at Tama Region in Tokyo
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| Misako INABA, Toshinari SUZUKI, Hiroyuki KONISHI, Junichi NAKAGAWA, Tsuyoshi IGARASHI, Mihoko USAMI and Kazuo YASUDA |
| heavy metal, well water, monitoring, tama region in Tokyo, ICP-MS, ICP-AS, chelate disk |
| Ann.Rep.Tokyo Metr.Inst.P.H., 54,319-322,2003 |